Translated from: Praktika oboru kamera
THE KULEŠOV EFFECT – the student shoots a strictly neutral detail of the face, the direction of the actor’s gaze is exactly in the axis of the camera lens. Then he films in close detail three different emotional reactions of the actor (eg smile, fear, falling in love) and the same in the whole and semi-whole. To these views, the actor shoots three completely different opposite views in the whole, semi-whole and detail so that they correspond to the details of the face already filmed by the lighting atmosphere. In the editing room, the student then combines these opposite points of view in order to achieve a completely different meaning and emotional effect of the resulting situation.
CHARACTER AND SPACE – the student films the confrontation between the character and the space so that the space itself acts as the second “acting” character. The student captures the character passing through the space in different sizes and by combining the direct views of the actor in the axis of the camera lens and counter views of the space itself builds an emotional and meaningful relationship between the actor and the space.
EMPTY SPACE – this exercise explores the dramatic possibilities of space itself. The student films the space in different angles and shot sizes in such a way as to achieve the highest possible dramatic effect by combining these shots.
CONFRONTATION OF TWO CHARACTERS – the student films a scene of a confrontation between two characters in such a way that, by combining the use of different shot sizes, he achieves several changes in subjectivity between the acting characters in the scene. The student films the entire scene in four sizes (whole, half-whole, half-detail, detail) for each character. The camera is located in the axis of the situation, the actor’s view is in the axis of the lens. The student achieves a change in subjectivity by changing the size of the shots during the scene.
WAITING – A COMBINATION OF FICTION AND DOCUMENTARY FILM – the student films in several sizes (whole, half-whole, detail, large detail) a character standing in the middle of a space full of people and waiting for someone. The directions of view in this acted passage of the film point to the axis of the camera lens. The student then places the camera at the place where the waiting figure was standing and films the people passing by in a documentary manner in different sizes and directions. In the editing room, the student creates a scene by combining these views and opposing views in such a way that the dramatic tension of the waiting situation increases.
WORK PROCEDURE AS AN EXCUSE FOR INCREASING DRAMATIC TENSION – the student films a scene where a character performs some work and has no idea that he is in danger. The work itself is filmed by the student in different sizes and angles of shots in order to capture the passing time as much as possible. After that, the student films the threat situation in direct contrasts between an unsuspecting character and a threatening element. In the editing room, the student builds the scene in such a way that the scene reaches maximum dramatic tension.